Mechanical Engineering Question

### * Computational Methods Assignment Instructions (CFD & FEA)

You are required to complete a comprehensive engineering analysis using ANSYS software. The work must be presented in a structured technical report (maximum 8 A4 pages) with clear methodology, results, and discussion.

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# * Part 1: CFD Analysis

## * Task 1: Flow Through a Branched Tube

You are required to perform a fluid flow analysis of water through a branched pipe system (Y-shaped geometry).

### * Student ID Parameters:

Based on ID: 202011252

– A = 2

– B = 5

### * Geometry:

– Inlet diameter = 2A = 4 cm

– Outlet diameters = A = 2 cm (each)

– Mesh element size = 0.00BA = 0.0052 m

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### * Requirements:

1. Build the geometry in ANSYS (based on Figure 1).

2. Define material properties for water.

3. Apply appropriate boundary conditions:

– Inlet velocity (choose suitable value)

– Outlet pressure (e.g., atmospheric)

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### * Simulation Tasks:

– Perform both:

– Laminar flow simulation

– Turbulent flow simulation

– For turbulent flow:

– Use at least one turbulence model (e.g., k- or k-)

– State all assumptions clearly

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### * Analysis:

– Determine:

– Velocity distribution

– Pressure distribution

– Compare:

– CFD results vs theoretical expectations

– Try different turbulence models (for higher marks)

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### * Discussion:

– Identify sources of errors such as:

– Mesh quality

– Boundary conditions

– Numerical assumptions

– Explain discrepancies between CFD and theory

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## * Task 2: Flow Through a Nozzle

You are required to simulate laminar flow through a nozzle with a 20% reduction in area.

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### * Requirements:

1. Create the nozzle geometry:

– Inlet height = 0.2 m

– Area reduction = 20%

2. Apply symmetry boundary condition if applicable.

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### * Simulation Tasks:

– Perform laminar flow simulation

– Generate velocity profile

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### * Analysis:

– Compare CFD results with theory:

– Parabolic velocity profile

– Pressure drop along the nozzle

– Perform mesh independence study:

– Use at least 23 different mesh sizes

– Show results comparison

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# * Part 2: FEA Analysis

## * Task 1: Tunnel Under

### * Parameters from ID:

– E = 52 GPa

– P = 2 GPa

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### * Requirements:

1. Model the tunnel geometry (as per Figure 1).

2. Apply material properties:

– Youngs modulus = 52 GPa

– Poissons ratio = 0.15

3. Apply boundary condition:

– Fixed support at the bottom

4. Apply external pressure = 2 GPa

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### * Results Required:

– Maximum deformation

– Maximum von Mises stress

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## * Task 2: Truss Structure

### * Parameters:

– Youngs modulus = 52 GPa

– Cross-section = A B = 2 mm 5 mm

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### * Requirements:

1. Model the truss structure (Figure 2).

2. Apply loads (30 kN at specified joints).

3. Define supports correctly.

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### * Results Required:

– Calculate displacement at each joint

– Present results clearly (tables/figures)

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# * Final Report Requirements

The final submission must include:

### * Structure:

1. Abstract

2. Introduction

3. Theory & Methodology

4. Simulation Setup (ANSYS)

5. Results

6. Discussion

7. Conclusion

8. References

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### * Important Notes:

– Maximum length: 8 pages

– Include:

– Mesh images

– Contour plots (velocity, pressure, stress)

– Ensure:

– Clear explanations

– Proper engineering terminology

– Good formatting

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# * Objective:

The goal is to demonstrate your ability to:

– Use ANSYS effectively

– Apply theoretical concepts

– Analyse and interpret engineering results

– Present a professional technical report

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Please ensure accuracy, clarity, and proper justification of all assumptions and resu