NEET Class 11 Botany Chapter 2
Biological Classification (Premium Notes + PYQs)
Introduction
Biological classification organisms ko unki similarities aur differences ke basis par groups me divide karta hai, jisse study easy ho jaati hai.
5 Kingdom Classification (R.H. Whittaker 1969)
Monera
Protista
Fungi
Plantae
Animalia
Basis:
Cell structure
Mode of nutrition
Body organization
Kingdom Monera
Prokaryotic
Unicellular
No true nucleus
Bacteria Shapes:
Cocci (round)
Bacilli (rod)
Spirilla (spiral)
Special Points
Cyanobacteria Blue-green algae
Mycoplasma Smallest living cell
Kingdom Protista
Eukaryotic
Mostly unicellular
Types:
Chrysophytes (diatoms silica wall)
Dinoflagellates (red tide cause)
Euglenoids (plant + animal traits)
Protozoans
Kingdom Fungi
Multicellular (except yeast)
Heterotrophic
Key Terms:
Hyphae filament
Mycelium network
Special Points
Cell wall Chitin
Reserve food Glycogen
Viruses
Living + non-living characteristics
DNA ya RNA (never both)
Host dependent
Viroids
Sirf RNA
No protein coat
Lichens
Algae + Fungi symbiosis
Pollution indicator
PYQs (Previous Year Questions)
Q1. Five kingdom classification kisne diya?
Answer: R.H. Whittaker
Q2. Diatoms ki cell wall kis se bani hoti hai?
Answer: Silica
Q3. Red tide ka cause kya hai?
Answer: Dinoflagellates
Q4. Virus me kya hota hai?
Answer: DNA ya RNA
Q5. Lichens kya show karte hain?
Answer: Air pollution indicator
Important Definitions
Prokaryotic: No nucleus
Eukaryotic: True nucleus
Saprophyte: Dead matter pe feed
Quick Revision (1 Page)
5 Kingdom Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia
Monera = Prokaryotic
Diatoms = Silica wall
Fungi = Chitin wall
Virus = DNA/RNA
Lichens = Pollution indicator
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